The classical philosophical thought and the theory of knowledge of Western culture - from Plato and Aristotle (philosophy of Being), continuing with Descartes and the first epistemology (philosophy of Noesis - ''I am thinking, therefore I exist''), and ending the linguistic turn of Wittgenstein of the Vienna Circle and other positivists language (analytic(al) philosophy - linguistic analysis) - founded in dipole Subject-Object, Cosmos - Thought, Idea - Matter, Soul-Body e.t Philosophy, epistemology and theory of knowledge, consider that knowledge is acquired when a subject, as an external-uninvolved observer, represents in the mind of the subject, the ''Nature ''. But the ''Nature'' it is a metaphysical abstraction of the wholeness of the world, is a logical construct and has named "Nature". The logical structure of nature created the theory of truth - how that we know the world. According to her the ways of knowledge are: idealism (objective / subjective), realism (naive / critic), phenomenalism (Kantian teaching) and phenomenology (but is method).