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08-18-2016, 04:40 AM
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Hold your breath!
The next time a fellow passenger sneezes near you on the evening commute or the night bus, it might be wise to Hold your breath. A new study suggests people could be 10 times more vulnerable to infections after nightfall compared with earlier in the day. According to Cambridge University it is all due with our internal bodyclock which is constantly switching certain functions on or off. Circadian rhythms control everything from sleep patterns to body temperature, hormone release to the immune system. To test whether they influenced susceptibility to infection scientists compared mice infected with the herpes virus at different times of day, measuring the levels of virus infection and spread. Mice suffered worse infections when picking up the herpes virus in the morning They found that virus replication in mice who were infected at the very start of the day – equivalent to sunrise, when these **cturnal animals start their resting phase – was ten times greater than in mice infected ten hours into the day, when they are transitioning to their active phase. In humans the reverse would be true, with infections more likely at night as the body is shutting down for the evening and moving towards sleep. “The time of day of infection can have a major influence on how susceptible we are to the disease, or at least on the viral replication, meaning that infection at the wrong time of day could cause a much more severe acute infection,” said Professor Akhilesh Reddy, the study’s senior author. “If so, then they could be prime candidates for receiving the annual flu vaccines.” The daily fluctuation in the activity of cells appears to be largely driven by the gene Bmal1 which also undergoes seasonal variation, being less active in the winter months and increasing in summer.The researchers speculate that this may help explain why diseases such as influenza are more likely to spread through populations during winter. أكثر... 
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