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DETROIT —
\nFor the first time, the U.S. government’s highway safety agency has approved a company’s request to deploy a self-driving vehicle that doesn’t need to meet the same federal safety standards for cars and trucks driven by humans. <\/p>\n
\nThe National Highway Traffic Safety Administration granted temporary approval for Silicon Valley robotics company Nuro to run low-speed autonomous delivery vehicles that were designed without any accommodations for human drivers. That means no side and rear-view mirrors, windshield wipers, steering wheels or brake pedals.<\/p>\n
\nThe vehicles previously were subject to federal standards for low-speed vehicles that travel under 25 miles per hour. Those didn’t need to have steering wheels, brake pedals or human backup drivers, but were required to have windshield wipers, backup camera displays and mirrors. Nuro’s battery-powered vehicles can be monitored and controlled remotely by a human operator, if needed. <\/p>\n
\nThe approval is the first sign that NHTSA is moving from abstract statements and voluntary standards governing autonomous vehicles to actual regulation, said Bryant Walker Smith, a University of South Carolina law professor who studies vehicle automation. It’s a signal that the agency, which has stated publicly that it doesn’t want to stand in the way of the new technology, is likely to approve more vehicles, he said.<\/p>\n
\n\u201cThis is the first time that the agency said \u2018yes we approve this vehicle that does not meet traditional driver-oriented standards,\u2019\u201d he said. \u201cThat\u2019s a big step because it makes it much more concrete, more real for the agency and really for the public.\u201d<\/p>\n
\nUnder the temporary approval, Nuro will have to make real-time safety reports to the agency. Nuro also will have to hold regular meetings with the agency and reach out to the community in areas where the vehicles will travel.<\/p>\n
\n\u201cNHTSA is dedicated to facilitating the safe testing and deployment of advanced vehicle technologies, including innovative vehicle designs, which hold great promise for future safety improvements. As always, we will not hesitate to use defect authority to protect public safety as necessary,\u201d said NHTSA Acting Administrator James Owens. <\/p>\n
\nThe agency will use enforcement powers if it finds any evidence of an unreasonable risk to safety, the statement said. <\/p>\n
\nIn December Nuro announced plans to use its low-speed delivery vehicles in partnership with Walmart to deliver groceries to customers in Houston. The service was to start early this year and use the vehicles as well as automated Toyota Prius hybrid cars. Nuro also was testing deliveries with Kroger in Arizona and Houston. <\/p>\n
\nNuro, of Mountain View, California, announced new version of its autonmated delivery vehicle called the \u201cR2\u201d on Thursday. It’s the second generation of a vehicle that\u2019s custom built to deliver goods, but not people. <\/p>\n
\nThe company said it plans to deploy fewer than 100 vehicles this year, but has permission from NHTSA to eventually run as many as 2,500.<\/p>\n
\nThe delivery vehicles, equipped with laser, camera and radar sensors, will travel with regular traffic on public roads.<\/p>\n
\nThe exemption from motor vehicle standards from NHTSA also allows Nuro to run its rear cameras all the time. Current standards require backup camera displays to turn off when vehicles are moving forward so the displays don\u2019t distract human drivers, the company said.<\/p>\n
\nNuro said in a statement that the R2 has a front-end that protects pedestrians by collapsing inward. It’s also equipped with temperature controls to keep perishable goods or meals fresh.<\/p>\n
\nThe vehicles make curbside deliveries to humans who can open the storage compartments with a code that\u2019s sent to them and unload the goods.<\/p>\n
\nNuro said NHTSA\u2019s approval came after three years of work with the agency. <\/p>\n
\n\u201cBy replacing heavy passenger vehicles utilized for shopping and other errands, Nuro is ushering in a new era of neighborhood-friendly and socially responsible zero-occupant vehicles,\u201d the company said in its statement. <\/p>\n
\nCompany co-founder and President Dave Ferguson said NHTSA\u2019s decision \u201cshows that exemption can mean more safety.\u201d<\/p>\n
\nStill unresolved is an application from General Motors to allow a self-driving Chevrolet Bolt that doesn’t meet safety standards for human-driven vehicles that travel at higher speeds. GM wants the Bolt to be allowed without a steering wheel or brake pedals.<\/p>\n
\nTech companies and automakers have been able to test autonomous vehicles without NHTSA approval in the past because they have had steering wheels, brake pedals and other features required of human-piloted cars and trucks. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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